UPSC के लिए AMRUT योजना में हो रहे हैं बड़े बदलाव, जानें 5 महत्वपूर्ण बातें

AMRUT Scheme UPSC, The Indian government started an urban redevelopment project in June 2015 called the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Redevelopment (AMRUT) Mission. The goal is to improve the quality of life in cities by making essential infrastructure services like water supply, sewerage, urban transportation, and amenities available. It covers the infrastructure requirements for densely populated metropolitan regions to provide a respectable standard of living, with a focus on the needs of women, children, and the elderly. The General Studies Paper II curriculum for UPSC Mains includes AMRUT as a crucial subject under the headings of International Relations, Governance, Constitution, Polity, and Social Justice. The emphasis is on government regulations, development-related intervention tactics, and the advantages and difficulties posed by these government programs.

Latest News Related to AMRUT Mission

The Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation program is currently in its second phase, known as AMRUT 2.0. In Indian cities, it seeks to ensure universal access to water and sewerage/septage management.

• Budgetary Allocation: AMRUT and Smart Cities’ fiscal year 2024–2025 budget was cut from Rs. 9,559 crore to Rs. 9,000 crore.
• Emphasis on Universal Coverage: The initiative remains dedicated to providing sewage and water services to all urban residents.
• Water Circular Economy: AMRUT 2.0 places a strong emphasis on water conservation, water body rejuvenation, and the recycling and reuse of treated sewage.

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What is the AMRUT Mission?

Access to dependable and sufficient urban infrastructure pertaining to water supply, sewerage, septage, stormwater drains, urban transportation, and green spaces is the main goal of the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation Mission (AMRUT). This mission supports India’s urban renewal and aims to improve everyone’s quality of life by concentrating on basic services, particularly for impoverished urban residents.

Background of the Mission

The AMRUT Mission, with its enhanced focus and broader reach, succeeded the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM). There was a need for a more comprehensive and organized urban strategy as well as strategic interventions because of the flaws of JNNURM and the pressure from the fast urban population expansion. The creation of the AMRUT Mission, which covers 500 cities with a population of one lakh or more as well as other cities in special category states, was a response to the urgent need for clean drinking water, improved sewage systems, and improved urban infrastructural services.

Objectives of the AMRUT Mission

The AMRUT Mission’s main objectives have been:

• Ensuring Water Supply Continuity: A steady and reliable supply of water for every family will improve public health and well-being.
• Sewerage Facilities: Upgrades to the facilities for managing septage and sewers.
• Stormwater Drainage: The development of effective stormwater drainage systems might reduce urban flooding.
• Urban transport promotion is the process of encouraging non-motorized urban transportation by establishing bike and pedestrian lanes as well as efficient urban transportation networks.
• Green spaces: establishing and keeping up parks and open playgrounds to improve urban quality of life, biodiversity, and enjoyment.

About AMRUT 2.0

AMRUT 2.0 was created, expanding on the insights from AMRUT 1.0 with more ambitious goals and a more focused approach. The objective of its October 2021 launch was to create “water-secure cities” by using sustainable water management techniques based on the circular economy. In addition, it has emphasized digital and smart city solutions and raised the focus on resilient urban infrastructure in light of climate concerns.

Features of AMRUT 2.0

Enhancing urban infrastructure, especially in the water supply and sewerage sectors, is the goal of the features that AMRUT 2.0 has included as updates. In essence, there are four levels of reform: water conservation and recycling, universal sewage and septage coverage, periodic tariff system updates, and improvements to the drinking water supply.

• Achieving a metered and continuous supply of water while guaranteeing 100% coverage for all urban homes.
• In order to prevent urban water contamination and guarantee safe disposal, all cities will have universal coverage of sewage and septage.
• Thirdly, groundwater recharging, rainfall collection, and the reuse of treated wastewater will all be used to highlight water conservation.
• Modern measures are being installed to lessen the effects of urban floods.
• To lessen the ecological imprint, encourage the use of solar energy, urban forestry, and scientific waste management.

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AMRUT 2.0 Implementation Status

As of 2023, reports from the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs indicate that AMRUT 2.0 has proceeded significantly, with several projects either completed or nearing completion. Among the accomplishments mentioned are the following:

• In order to improve water access and management, over 15,000 water ATMs and over one million smart meters have been installed.
• Sewerage Network Extension: Millions of people now enjoy better sanitation thanks to the more than 5,000 km of sewer network extension.
• Stormwater projects: In several high-risk regions, more than 1,200 stormwater drainage projects decreased the chance of urban floods.
• Creation of Green Spaces: The city’s green cover and recreational amenities were enhanced by the development or renovation of around 1,000 parks.

Funding Pattern for AMRUT 2.0

AMRUT 2.0 has a substantial budget of INR 2,77,000 crore, which is a significant increase to meet the mission’s admirable goals. The federal government, state governments, and urban local bodies make up its financial system. To guarantee that projects are funded and carried out in a sustainable manner, the mission also emphasizes the use of master or public-private partnerships as well as other cutting-edge financing methods.

Significance of the AMRUT Mission

The following factors highlight the importance of the AMRUT mission:

• Greater Degree of Urbanization: Increases the degree of urbanization by giving cities greater infrastructure.
• Better Public Health: There are significant health advantages to having access to clean water and adequate sanitation.
• Economic Development: A well-planned urban area contributes to economic growth, which raises living standards and job prospects.
• Environmental Sustainability: It encourages trash reduction, water conservation, and the creation of green areas, which results in environmentally friendly, sustainable cities.
• Climate Change Resilience: Cities can better adapt to the effects of climate change when they have resilient infrastructure.
• Social equity guarantees all residents, particularly underserved populations, access to essential urban services.
• Technological Integration: Smart technologies are used to enhance citizen services and urban management.
• Scalability and Replicability: It offers a framework that can be copied for a number of urban development plans and scaled to additional metropolitan centers.

Challenges in the Implementation of the AMRUT Mission

Despite the mission’s impressive progress, the following issues still exist:

• Coordination Issues: The effectiveness of coordination between the federal government, state governments, and ULBs.
• Financial Restraints: Dependency on state funding and budget overruns impact the timely completion of projects.
• Administrative Obstacles: Project execution is hampered by bureaucratic hold-ups and a lack of capability and knowledge regarding ULBs.
• Technological Drawbacks: Insufficient technological know-how and infrastructure to execute intricate urban solutions.
• Sustainability of Projects: Another issue is the long-term viability and upkeep of urban infrastructure projects.

Measures to Revamp the AMRUT Mission

To overcome these obstacles, the following actions can be taken:

• Better coordination mechanisms: To ensure that projects are carried out smoothly, interdepartmental coordination and communication links should be established and maintained.
• ULB capacity building: Regular training sessions and seminars are intended to improve the technical and management skills of ULB personnel.
• Public-Private Partnerships (PPP): To guarantee effective project execution and sustainability, PPP models can attract private sector investment and expertise.
• Technological Integration: Using cutting-edge technology, such as sensor-based monitoring, GIS mapping, and smart city solutions, to improve implementation and oversight.
• Decentralized Planning: Promoting participative, decentralized planning that involves community stakeholders in order to solve concerns that are specific to urban areas.

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Other Government Initiatives

In addition to the AMRUT Mission, the Indian government has started a number of additional programs aimed at urban development:

• Smart Cities Mission: To create smart cities that can boost economic growth and enhance citizens’ quality of life by facilitating local development, utilizing technology, particularly IT-based technologies, and providing a good standard of living, a sustainable and clean environment, and infrastructure.
• Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban: Focuses on waste management, open defecation eradication, and thorough urban sanitation.
• Urban Housing for All: By 2022, all urban poor people will have access to cheap housing, guaranteeing a respectable living space for all residents.

Faq’s

Q. What is the full form of the AMRUT Mission?

Ans: Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation.

Q. The AMRUT Mission was initiated when?

Ans: June 2015 saw its introduction.

Q. What are the AMRUT Mission’s primary goals?

Ans: Ensuring stormwater drainage, urban transportation, water supply, sewage, and the development of green spaces.

Q. What is AMRUT 2.0’s main objective?

Ans: To enhance sewage and septage management and offer universal access to water.

@PAY